His grandfather is the Mr. Browder began a relentless campaign to expose and punish Mr. Magnitskys persecutors, turning his case into an international cause clbre. Born in London in 1997, Joshua Browder is the son of Bill Browder and Melanie Mr. Browder began trying oil and gas cases for the firm and continued to do so until the early 1950s when he met Tom Sealy while trying a case in Snyder, Texas. They sent a huge amount of money, $400 million as a contribution to the campaign of Hillary Clinton. 1999. Ways to honor William Browder's life and legacy, For some people, the best send-off is one that they would have loved to attendthemselves: a big party.. Browder attended the University of Chicago, and then worked for Salomon Brothers in London and New York. William Bill Browder, in 2013, at the Westin Paris-Vendme. Part of Browders allure is that he is a rara avis, the grandson of the leader of the American Communist Party and son and nephew of three world-class mathematicians. Browder grew up in Hendon, London. Initially, he was a fan of Putins. Going after the personal wealth of those closest to President Vladimir Putin is the best way to hold Russia accountable for the alleged attempted assassination and recent detention of opposition leader Alexsei Navalny, says London-based Kremlin critic Bill Browder. Putin in the summer after talks with the Ukrainian president. You have funeral questions, we have answers. Browder used his position as a major investor in the Russian stock market to call attention to corrupt practices and demand accountability from Russian authorities. Its a Hollywood ending, right down to the standing ovation given by more than 700 European members of Parliament after passing the legislation. [6] His father attended the University of Chicago and studied Economics. At times, Browder, who made a fortune doing business in Russia, has come up in controversies involving Fusion GPS, the American firm that commissioned the Christopher Steele dossier against Trump with funding ultimately from, in part, the Hillary Clinton campaign. Honorary pallbearers will be Milton Bankston, Harrell Feldt, Bill Pennebaker, Charles Tighe, Bob Bledsoe, Al Walvoord and Al Schorre. As he relates in his memoir, Red Notice, he seethed with rebellion against his familys ideological and intellectual expectations: Toward the end of high school, it hit me. The sanctions arrived in the wake of allegations of interference in the 2016 U.S. elections, criticism over Russias annexation of Crimea in 2014 and supplying the Assad regime in Syria with weapons in 2015. I am very glad that I had the opportunity to know him and I am saddened to learn of his passing. Rinat Akhmetshin, a Russian-American lobbyist who has been accused of being a former Soviet intelligence officer, was at the now infamous meeting Donald Trump Jr. took with the Russian lawyer. He should know: corrupt officials seized his assets and stole $230m. The anti-corruption and human rights activist Bill Browder is stepping up his campaign against dirty money in Cyprus with a complaint that has triggered a criminal investigation. Bill Browder Photograph: Richard Saker. The best way of hitting Putin is to hit the oligarchs closest to him.. It deals in part with a man named Rinat Akhmetshin, who is described as follows: Mr Akhmetshin is a former member of the Russian military intelligence services (GRU). Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko AFP/Getty Images. But in 2006, the authorities kicked him out of the country, calling him a threat to national security. Browder is a hedge fund manager. Learn more in our Cookie Policy. Browders memoir, published next week, recounts how Magnitskys death changed him from entrepreneur to global human rights crusader. This has all culminated to a $10M funding round on July 30, 2021 There are 140 million good people and a million bad people, he says. WebAngela Browder Gauntt Legal disputes against Charles and David lasted some two decades. William Barr Browder, Jr. William Barr Browder Jr., better known as simply "Bill" or "Browder" to lawyers, friends and judges, was born in Huntsville, Texas on November 10, 1910, to the marriage of the Honorable William Bridges Browder, District Judge of Walker, Montgomery and San Jacinto Counties, and Anna Barr Browder and died at the age of 99 at his home in Lampasas, Texas, on July 8, 2010. Pallbearers will be David Leaverton, Philip Warlick, Josh Jones, Brent Boyle, James V. Hammett Jr., Rodney Satterwhite, Joe Greenhill Jr. and Marc Skeen. Is it also Russophobic, the charge made by pro-Kremlin online commentators against anybody who dares to criticise Putin? He was paid by a previous client to derail the US asylum application of a Russian citizen using false allegations of anti-Semitism.. So we wander across the road to an anonymous sushi bar. My grandfather had been the biggest Communist in America, and as I watched these events unfold, I decided that I wanted to become the biggest capitalist in Eastern Europe.. Browder is convinced that a Moscow assassin bumped off Perepilichny, just like Litvinenko. This is a travesty of justice, he says. Mr. Browder concludes on a grim note. Browder has denied the accusations, and he has continued to fight for justice in the face of enormous personal risk. The same Russian officials arrested his lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, after Magnitsky uncovered the money trail and made a complaint. The most visible manifestation of this is the worsening conflict in Ukraine. Its assets would grow to $4.5 billion by 2005. Berezovsky decamped to Britain where he led a noisy campaign against Putin, accusing him of numerous misdeeds. 0. Not in a court of law theres no prospect of a trial inside Russia but in the wider court of international public opinion. It was there in 2006 a KGB squad allegedly poisoned the former Russian intelligence officer Alexander Litvinenko. Your dad was a great man and family friend. Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. For example, a writer at The Guardian noted that it "just drafted an impressive notice under the Data Protection Act 1998 not to use my personal information for direct marketing. He pushed for the 2012 Magnitsky Act, which punished several prominent Russians with U.S. sanctions, and lately he has spoken frequently of Russian attempts to influence the domestic affairs of other countries. The grandson of the head of the American Communist Party commits the ultimate act of rebellion: He gets a business degree from Stanford. Expand the Memories and Condolences form. "[10], According to Browder, "lawyers all over the world should be very scared of this technology". He was previously hired by clients with the mandate to generate negative publicity. Bill's grandfather's name is Earl Browder and he was a s sociated with the Communist Party of the USA, therefore, he was grown up seeing the political framework within the family. On the other hand, his father was a great mathematician whose name was Felix Browder. Bill's childhood was spent in Chicago and his mother was a homemaker. The incident had a transforming effect on Browder. This is a story about an accidental activist. How grand to have gotten to live such a long and great life do what you love!! The cut and thrust, and the high stakes, make for a zesty tale. This article will delve deeper into each of these topics, using a variety of sources to provide a comprehensive overview of Browder's story. He was the author of numerous articles for legal and trade journals dealing with the oil and gas industry. Although he made his fortune in business, Bill Browder, whose net worth is What kind of arrangement is appropriate, where should you send it, and when should you send an alternative? Subscribe to TIME po.st/SubscribeTIME Get closer to the world of entertainment and celebrity news as TIME gives you access and insight on the people who make what you watch, read and share. David Kessler's top 4 tips for dealing with holiday grief. He continued, After Congress passed the Magnitsky Act, other victims came forward and said youve found the Achilles heel of the Putin regime ban the people who killed my brother, my father, my sister, my uncle. He added, My hope is that this becomes a standard tool for fighting impunity in the world. After a decade behind bars, he was unexpectedly freed by Russias president. William Browder who has been instrumental in highlighting the death of a Russian whistleblower has been called a a banker turned human-rights activist. Browder has accused Putin of murdering the whistleblower, Sergei Magnitsky, who was Browders attorney. He was 44 and in good shape. After the United States declared war on Japan and Germany, the ensuing war effort required a massive reallocation of petroleum resources. What reportedly upsets Putin most is Browders lobbying efforts, which helped lead to a U.S. law called the Magnitsky Act. Browder harboured a romantic notion the UK was synonymous with the rule of law and freedom. Browder's Investment and Activism in Russia. The Russian government has accused him of various crimes, including tax evasion and murder. He has worked to pass similar legislation in other countries, including Canada, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. m due to meet Bill Browder at Mari Vanna, a favourite hangout for rich Russians in Knightsbridge. [3], Born in London in 1997, Joshua Browder is the son of financier Bill Browder, CEO of Hermitage Capital Management and Melanie Browder. "[16], However, in 2016, the Legal Cheek tested Browder's chatbot with "fairly basic legal questions" and noted that it failed to answer most of them. Browders investigation got a huge breakthrough when a Russian holed up in Surrey, Alexander Perepilichny, gave them printouts from Stepanovas Swiss bank account. He concedes that there are several Russians who have annoyed Putin more but says among foreigners hes probably the Presidents biggest foe. 1 foreign enemy, and they'd like to wipe me out one way or another. Much of Red Notice reads like a detective novel, with Browder and his lawyers trying to figure out what happened to the stolen cash. Natalia Veselnitskaya, the Russian lawyer who met with Donald Trump Jr., is named in a complaint filed by Browder with the Justice Department as Natalia Veselnitskaya, the Russian lawyer for Prevezon. Prevezon Holdings Limited, is defined as a Russian owned Cyprus registered company attempting to defeat the Magnitsky Act. It also says that she then filed a report with Congress accusing the Magnitsky Act of being based on lies.. LinkedIn and 3rd parties use essential and non-essential cookies to provide, secure, analyze and improve our Services, and to show you relevant ads (including professional and job ads) on and off LinkedIn. To offer your sympathy during this difficult time, you can now have memorial trees planted in a National Forest in memory of your loved one. Bill Browder Bio, Married, Wife, Children, Book, Net Worth, The best poems for funerals, memorial services., and cards. The list of its authors can be seen in its historicaland/or the page Edithistory:Joshua Browder. In my family, if you werent a prodigy, you had no place on earth, he writes. The London-based businessman and vocal Kremlin critic had been arrested in Madrid on what other demonstrators march in memory of murdered Kremlin critic Boris Nemtsov. If this sounds histrionic, there is more than one dead body littering Mr. Browders pages. Russia allegedly tried so many times to arrest him, in fact, that Browder wrote a whole book about those attempts, titled Red Notice. His family, including his two brothers, And now sinister text messages warn he might be next, Im due to meet Bill Browder at Mari Vanna, a favourite hangout for rich Russians in Knightsbridge. William Browder during the Cinema For Peace Gala Ceremony at the 63rd Berlinale International Film Festival at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel on February 9, 2013 in Berlin, Germany. They wont tell me which station pic.twitter.com/Xwj27xC7Zd, "Urgent: Just was arrested by Spanish police in Madrid on a Russian Interpol arrest warrant," he announced to his followers Thursday morning. Corrupt Russian bureaucrats have assets (and very often families) in the west. Magnitsky was held in pretrial detention for nearly a year, during which time he was denied access to medical care. As the world becomes more interconnected, the fight against corruption and human rights abuses has become more important than ever. His son David is very supportive in whatever he does. Mr. Browder was predeceased by his wife, Billie, in 1985, and by his brother, John Sewell Browder. I rebelled by putting on a suit and tie and becoming a businessman. According to his obit, Earl Browder was expelled from the Communist Party, however. Corruption was rampant, and many people were taking advantage of the situation to enrich themselves at the expense of others. Browder Is the Grandson of the Former Head of the Communist Party in the United States. Since Putins return as president in 2012 hostile rhetoric about America has hit record levels. The lows, however, were very low. ". "The State of Russia: What Comes Next?" 4 Bill Browder Browders lobbying campaign following the murder of his lawyer Sergei Magnitsky has been extraordinarily successful, with the US and others banning the officials involved. The New York Times, 17 Jan. 2019. In 2013 a Russian judge sentenced Browder in absentia to nine years in jail, and, bizarrely, convicted the already-dead Magnitsky. Ten years ago, I met Bill Browder, soon to be world-famous as a truth-telling foe of the Putin regime. In 2000, Hermitage was named the best-performing emerging-markets fund in the world, having generated returns of 1,500 percent to its original investors. Robin Van Lonkhuijsen/AFP/Getty Images Ver Mi Compra; 0. Giving to charity is a meaningful way to honor someone who has died. Sucursales Quines somos? The Kremlin sent a Red Notice warrant to Interpol demanding Browders extradition. [1][2] In 2018, Browder launched a new version of DoNotPay that allowed users to "swipe" on court settlements and sue. But the British government believes the Russian state killed Litvinenko in a carefully crafted plot. It is difficult to watch such valuable people pass for so many reasons, but one of the reasons for sure is that they helped to make Midland the city that it has become. We finish our fried squid and marinaded sea bass. Authorities released Browder just a few hours later, but not before he fired off several tweets chronicling the arrest as it unfolded. In 1996, he moved to Russia and founded Hermitage Capital Management, a hedge fund that focused on investing in the Russian stock market. They were transferred to the United States. There have been death threats, including one sent by text days before Magnitsky died. "It's all very scary," Browder told NPR's Rachel Martin last fall. At the age of 18, he began to drive and to incur numerous parking tickets. It began in 1936 when he was sworn in as an officer of the court by the Supreme Court of Texas. Bill Browder's "Red Notice" is an autobiographical account of his time in Russia as an investor, and his efforts to combat corruption and human rights abuses in the country. At any rate, Browder landed in London safely later Wednesday, noting that he was "no worse for the wear.". He has two more children and among his three children, two are from Elena Browder whereas one from his earlier marriage. He has one son named David from his second marriage and it was with Elena off course. His son David is very supportive in whatever he does. Navalny ran for mayor of Moscow in 2013 but finished second. After Magnitskys death, Browder says the policy of western governments disillusioned him. Browder says hes dismayed at the way corrupt Russians can abuse the British legal system. His criminal convictions barred him from running for president against Putin in the 2018 election. Mr. Browder continued to smoke the crack pipe with gusto, shifting his action to Russia and creating a wildly successful investment fund, Hermitage Capital Management. 2, 2018, pp. "[15] Similarly, a woman writer with The American Lawyer noted that, "one of DoNotPay's chatbots helped me draft a strong, well-cited and appropriately toned letter requesting extended maternity leave. Mr. Sealy Joshua is from his earlier His grandfather was the head of the American Communist Party and featured on the cover of Time magazine in 1938 as Comrade Earl Browder. Felix Browder, Earls son, became a mathematics professor at the University of Chicago. Stanford Business says that Browder graduated with an MBA in 1989 and decided to pursue opportunities in Eastern Europe and realized that there was a lucrative opportunity for investors to buy in cheaply to the post-Soviet Russian economy. He set up Hermitage in 1996 with $25 million from the late Edmond Safra, a renowned banker and moved to Moscow, according to the article. 11, 2010. Bill Browder: Son is about to go to university. And the head of a Moscow tax office, Olga Stepanova. Western sanctions and the collapse of the rouble its lost 50% of its value since last year make Putins ruling system unviable, Browder thinks. His efforts helped pressure Congress to pass a law in late 2012, commonly known as the Magnitsky Act, that barred 18 Russian officials connected with Magnitskys death from entering the United States or using its banking system, and set a precedent for future visa sanctions and asset freezes. Browder and Hermitage Capital Management believed that Magnitsky had been targeted because of his efforts to expose a massive tax fraud scheme involving Russian officials and businessmen. $30.00", "Stanford student's quest to clear parking tickets leads to "robot lawyers, "Teenager's parking appeals website saves motorists 2m after overturning thousands of fines", "Why 'Larking' About Like Branson Could Be The Key To Business Success", "British Teenager Saves Motorists 2 Million", "Joshua Browder: His 'chat' is not just talk", "Computer science student, 19, says legal profession should be 'very scared' of his new 'robot lawyer' - Legal Cheek", "DoNotPay Website Earns Travellers Flight and Hotel Discounts", "London student moves into Mark Zuckerberg's old house to develop tech that will 'take down' the legal profession", "Houses Over Lives: The Hypocrisy of Discrimination Without Intent", "30 Under 30 Europe: Meet The Law & Policy Class Of 2017", "Is This The Cleverest Boy In The World? Upon his arrival, a Russian court ordered that Navalny be detained in jail for 30 days, his spokesperson said. William Barr Browder Jr. William Barr Browder Jr., better known as simply "Bill" or "Browder" to lawyers, friends and judges, was born in Huntsville, Texas on November 10, 1910, to the marriage of the I have to assume that there is a very real chance that Putin or members of his regime will have me killed someday, he writes. Some basic help and starters when you have to write a tribute to someone you love. As Mr. Browder discovered on more than one occasion, Russians are not always known for their light touch. Browder, an American hedge fund manager who fought a long and bruising battle with the Russian government following the death of his lawyer Sergei Magnitsky in 2009, told Forbes that sanctions on Russia and on Russian individuals will hurt Putin, and could help influence the outcome of Navalnys controversial detention. Gradually, they put together the clues. Vickiso sorry to hear of the passsing of your Dad. In 2018, 7 Russian billionaires were sanctioned by the U.S. alongside 12 companies and 17 senior Russian government officials. Without visas they can no longer enjoy them. Your friendly neighborhood scammer with a huge ego. He is married to Elena Browder, and the couple has one son. He is credited as the force behind large protests in 2011, 2012 and 2013 that unnerved Putin, according to the New York Times. Cells with the lights on all the time and full of mosquitoes.. However, Akhmetshin denies he was a spy, telling the Associated Press that he was part of a Soviet military unit that dealt with counterintelligence, but was never trained as a formal spy. Blessings , Tricia Linehan Golding. Browder has led a global push for sanctions against Russian officials implicated in the death of imprisoned Russian whistle-blower Sergei Magnitsky, reported Radio Free Europe. He says he feels little loyalty to the US, which persecuted his leftwing family. Yet Interpol denies that there was even an official Red Notice to begin with. 7 minutes read. A profile story on Akhmetshin described him as the man at the back of the room who for nearly 20 years has worked the shadowy corners of the Washington lobbying scene on behalf of businessmen and politicians from around the former Soviet Union., Fusion GPS Glenn Simpson told Congress that he worked for the American law firm BakerHostetler as it represented Prevezon, a Russian holding company the US government accused of laundering money into New York City real estate, in order to try to get William Browder to testify under oath about his role in this case and his activities in Russia.. Bill Browder's "Red Notice" is an autobiographical account of his time in Russia as an investor, and his efforts to combat corruption and human rights abuses in the country. He also became a vocal advocate for human rights, working to improve the lives of ordinary people in Russia. He tells me: I got it wrong. He gives nothing away. Despite these efforts to silence him, Browder continued to speak out against corruption and human rights abuses in Russia. Mr. Browder agreed, and the family moved to Washington, D.C., where they remained until 1945. Vicki, I am very sorry for your loss. The government was heavily involved in many sectors of the economy, and regulations were often vague or contradictory. He found himself initially drawn to London, where he worked briefly for Robert Maxwell, and later became a British citizen. "Russia - Fighting Corruption: A World Bank Country Study." But there are records to show that he appeared as counsel in at least 330 state and federal appellate cases, including more than 30 in the Supreme Court of Texas and two in the United States Supreme Court. Interpol refused, but Moscow is currently putting together a third extradition bid. For those who dont know Russia, this might sound a bit gloomy. Herszenhorn, David M. "Russian Activist, Bill Browder, Is Arrested in Spain on Russian Warrant." Among his comments were the following: * Ours is a profession, not a job. According to Human Rights Watch, The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act authorizes the president to block or revoke the visas of certain foreign persons (both individuals and entities) or to impose property sanctions on them. The younger Browder grew up in Chicago, attended the University of Chicago, and later Stanford GSB.. Browder, Bill. [9], In an article on DoNotPay, Roland Vogl, executive director at CodeX, the Stanford Center for Legal Informatics in the United States, said that "chatbots are fairly limited in what they can accomplish and, in this early stage, are more effective at handling narrow tasks. (Senator McCarthy dragged his grandfather before the House Committee on Un-American Activities.) Browder was expelled from Russia, and Hermitage's assets were seized by Russian authorities. When Browders lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, investigated the crime, he was arrested by the same officers he implicated, tortured for 358 days, and killed in custody at the age of 37 in November 2009., Stanford Business describes Browders claim to fame as His hallmark: finding hidden values in Russian companies and driving up their share prices by exposing corporate malfeasance and mismanagement., Bill Browder: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know, Copyright 2023 Heavy, Inc. All rights reserved. While Russia has "repeatedly repeatedly requested Mr. Browder's arrest through Interpol," The New York Times reports, " its requests have been refused repeatedly. Having formed the perception that these tickets were disproportionately targeting the elderly and disabled, and noticing the "formulaic nature" of the process by which they could be appealed, Browder created a chatbot called DoNotPay. Hes off to Davos. He assumed that his foreign citizenship made him untouchable. Its based on 90% bribery and 10% repression. But as Mr. Magnitsky warned him, Russian stories never have happy endings. Peggy and Bob Cowan. Today, Browder continues to be a vocal critic of the Putin regime and an advocate for human rights and anti-corruption measures. Its their bolthole, their escape valve. He adds: We have lots of leverage.. He noted that Thursday's dust-up was, in fact, "the result of a SIXTH Russian arrest warrant using Interpol channels.". "Red Notice" is a powerful reminder of the importance of fighting against corruption and standing up for human rights, even in the face of great personal risk. The Browders moved to Midland in 1952 where Mr. Browder became the head of the trial section of the firm that eventually became Stubbeman, McRae, Sealy, Laughlin & Browder. Bill Browder was born in Chicago in 1964. xiii, 487. Unless you are experienced as an estate executor, you probably should hire an attorney. Karpov sued Browder for libel in the high court and lost the judge ruled that he had no standing in Britain. Sneed Funeral Chapel in Lampasas, Texas in charge of arrangements 512-556-1183. Browder has also been the subject of numerous legal battles. In Russia, Browder found himself in the midst of a country that was undergoing a period of political and economic upheaval. Adding insult to injury, Mr. Browder turned his gaze eastward, toward the former Communist heartland, with plunder on his mind. According to a 2009 article in Stanford Business, Browder is the grandson of Earl Browder, a union organizer from Kansas who went to Moscow in 1927, married a Russian, and became the head of the Communist Party in the United States. If he hadnt taken on my case hed still be enjoying his life, being a father, looking after his wife. In 2006, two Russians Dmitry Kovtun and Andrei Lugovoi allegedly poisoned him with radioactive polonium in a Mayfair hotel. Reuters reported on Monday that Russias Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov described the expressions of outrage by world leaders over Navalnys treatment as being designed to distract their own citizens from domestic problems. The highs were very high. My grandfather was the biggest Communist in America, he said, and I became the biggest capitalist in When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Browder asserted that his detainment came because Russia had obtained an active Interpol Red Notice, or a formal request that one Interpol member country arrest a suspect based on a valid warrant issued by another member country. Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America. My heart just dropped, that was my baby, she said. Safe and sound back in London. Alexander Litvinenko probably felt safe in London until he drank a cup of radioactive tea. He is now based in Washington DC as a lobbyist. They stole $230m (153m). The Foreign Office treated Browder politely. In 1945 the family returned to Houston where Mr. Browder was elected President of the Houston Junior Bar Association and joined the firm of Vinson, Elkins & Weems. After determining that a little-known oil company called Sidanco was actually worth as much as Lukoil, for example, he bought about $11 million worth of its stock at $4 a share. He points out that he is married to a Russian, Elena, (they met and fell in love in Moscow) and they have two children together. Of London, he says: Every Russian wants to come here. "An arrest warrant has a date limit and when that expires, it must be deleted from the computer programme and in this case Interpol hadn't deleted it," a police spokesperson clarified to Agence France-Presse. His thesis which I share is that Putin and his law enforcement and spy agencies are in effect running Russia as a criminal enterprise for their own financial gain. youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2EFFA5DB900C633F Money helps you learn how to spend and, Video related to bill browder: 5 fast facts you need to know. When my enemies read this book, they will know that you know., Red Notice: How I Became Putins No.1 Enemy is published on 5 February by Transworld. They put Magnitsky in jail and refused him medical treatment. On his website, Browder showcases several books that he has authored. Getting ready for more Magnitsky sanctions advocacy next week. In between grandfather and grandson, by the way, comes Felix Browder, Earls son and Bills father, who was not a Communist or a Soviet spy. Crazy day today as Putin wants to swap 12 Russian GRU agents who hacked the US election for me in his meeting with Trump in Helsinki. This was a classic case of "blame the victim," where the authorities accused the very people who were trying to expose the corruption. But at a certain point, they did not. In the event that Putin steps down from power, Khordorkovsky could play a major role in Russian politics. It's surprising how much a musical selection can affect mourning. It was a privilege to have known Bill Browder, he was a great lawyer and a remarkable man. Bill Browder, a former Moscow financier turned anti-Kremlin activist, prepares to speak with European officials about the Magnitsky Act last week in The Hague. Browder says his problem isnt with Russia as such but with the powerful clique of ex-KGB spies who have grabbed the state. [17], Browder contributes to a blog at the Washington, D.C political newspaper The Hill, where he writes about civil rights and the death penalty.[18]. People interpreted what they wanted to see in him. He thinks Putins rule will last another one, two, five years before he is driven out, possibly by a coup.
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